Kazia Therapeutics — New indications for GDC-0084

Kazia Therapeutics (NASDAQ: KZIA)

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Research: Healthcare

Kazia Therapeutics — New indications for GDC-0084

Kazia has added two further indications to the development programme for its brain-penetrant PI3K inhibitor GDC-0084 through collaborations with prestigious US-based cancer centres. The collaborations further validate the potential of GDC-0084, which was in-licensed from Genentech in 2016. Importantly, the two additional indications will provide alternative pathways to a potential first marketing approval for GDC-0084, increasing the overall likelihood of success. Kazia’s ongoing Phase IIa study of GDC-0084 in glioblastoma (GBM) is expected to report first data in early 2019. Kazia raised A$3.4m through a recent share placement and has a share purchase plan (SPP) underway to raise additional funds. We increase our valuation range to between A$83m and A$139m.

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Written by

Healthcare

Kazia Therapeutics

New indications for GDC-0084

Pipeline update

Pharma & biotech

29 October 2018

Price

A$0.38

Market cap

A$22m

A$/US$0.76

Net cash (A$m) at 30 June 2018

6.0

Shares in issue

57.3m

Free float

90%

Code

KZAX

Primary exchange

ASX

Secondary exchange

NASDAQ

Share price performance

%

1m

3m

12m

Abs

(10.5)

(22.2)

(6.1)

Rel (local)

(6.7)

(18.2)

(7.4)

52-week high/low

A$0.78

A$0.34

Business description

Kazia Therapeutics is an ASX- and NASDAQ-listed biotechnology company. It is developing the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor GDC-0084 for brain cancer and Cantrixil for ovarian cancer. GDC-0084 was in-licensed from Genentech in 2016.

Next events

GDC-0084 safety and dosing data

Q219

Cantrixil Phase I preliminary efficacy data

Q319

GDC-0084 Phase IIa preliminary efficacy

Q419

Analysts

Dr Dennis Hulme

+61 (0)2 9258 1161

Dr Daniel Wilkinson

+44 (0)20 3077 5734

Kazia Therapeutics is a research client of Edison Investment Research Limited

Kazia has added two further indications to the development programme for its brain-penetrant PI3K inhibitor GDC-0084 through collaborations with prestigious US-based cancer centres. The collaborations further validate the potential of GDC-0084, which was in-licensed from Genentech in 2016. Importantly, the two additional indications will provide alternative pathways to a potential first marketing approval for GDC-0084, increasing the overall likelihood of success. Kazia’s ongoing Phase IIa study of GDC-0084 in glioblastoma (GBM) is expected to report first data in early 2019. Kazia raised A$3.4m through a recent share placement and has a share purchase plan (SPP) underway to raise additional funds. We increase our valuation range to between A$83m and A$139m.

Year
end

Revenue
(A$m)

PBT*
(A$m)

EPS*
(c)

DPS*
(c)

P/E
(x)

Yield
(%)

06/17

8.6

(10.9)

(22.8)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/18

13.0

(6.3)

(12.5)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/19e

3.1

(11.9)

(21.9)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/20e

12.3

(3.2)

(5.3)

0.0

N/A

N/A

Note: *PBT and EPS are normalised, excluding exceptional items.

Breast cancer brain metastases with Dana-Farber

The first collaboration is with the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute to investigate GDC-0084 in combination with Herceptin in women with HER2-positive breast cancer who have developed brain metastases. We had already included this potential indication in our valuation model for GDC-0084, so we are pleased to see that a trial will soon be underway. Genentech showed that GDC-0084 improves survival in this indication in animal studies, and a successful Phase III study for Novartis’s BYL719 validates targeting PI3K in breast cancer.

DIPG childhood brain cancer with St Jude

The second collaboration is with St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in a Phase I study of GDC-0084 in the aggressive childhood brain cancer diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Although the number of patients with this disease is small, the fact that there are no approved treatments for this aggressive cancer could open up pathways to an accelerated approval or Breakthrough Designation. Approval could also earn a valuable FDA paediatric priority review voucher.

Cantrixil Phase I identifies MTD

The Cantrixil Phase I study has determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in ovarian cancer to be 5mg/kg. A 12-patient cohort at the MTD is currently being recruited, with updated preliminary efficacy data expected to read out in Q319.

Valuation range: A$83–139m; SPP underway

We increase our indicative valuation range to A$83–139m or A$1.38–2.31 per share (vs A$73–133m, A$1.46–2.65 per share), under either post-Phase III approval or accelerated approval scenarios for GDC-0084. The changes reflect the addition of the DIPG indication, a modest increase in forecast peak sales for breast cancer brain metastases, and dilution from shares issued for the capital raise.

Collaborations expand development pipeline

Kazia has two company-sponsored trials underway: a Phase IIa study of GDC-0084 in glioblastoma and a Phase I trial of Cantrixil in ovarian cancer. The two new collaborative investigator-sponsored studies will allow it to explore the efficacy of GDC-0084 in two additional indications at a minimal cost to the company.

The collaborations provide validation from prestigious US-based research institutions of the potential of GDC-0084 to provide significant benefit to patients with a range of brain cancers. In particular, the Dana-Farber collaboration validates our decision to include an HER2+ breast cancer brain metastasis indication in our valuation model for GDC-0084. One or our reasons for doing this was that Genentech had shown that GDC-0084 alone and in combination therapy improved survival in a mouse model of HER2+ breast cancer, as described below.

Importantly, the two additional indications will provide alternative potential pathways to a first marketing approval for GDC-0084, increasing the overall chances of success for the development programme.

Placement completed, SPP underway

Kazia raised A$3.4m (before costs) through a private placement in October, and is currently undertaking a share purchase plan to raise additional funds from existing investors. No target has been set for the amount of funds to be raised by the SPP, but the maximum that could be raised under ASX listing rules is A$6.5m. For valuation purposes, we assume that the SPP will raise A$1m (before costs).

The funds raised would support operations to CY H219 and the anticipated readout of preliminary efficacy data from the ongoing GDC-0084 and Cantrixil clinical studies.

Collaboration with Dana-Farber in breast cancer brain metastases

Kazia announced on 22 October that it had entered into a collaboration with the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) in the US to investigate GDC-0084 in patients with HER2+ breast cancer that has spread to the brain (breast cancer brain metastases or BCBM).

DFCI will conduct an open-label Phase II trial of GDC-0084 in combination with Herceptin (trastuzumab) in HER2+ BCBM. Herceptin is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) drug that blocks HER2 activation and is approved for treating HER+ breast cancer. The study is expected to recruit between 22 and 49 patients and to take up to three years to complete. Recruitment is expected to commence in Q418 or Q119.

The Principal Investigator is Dr Jose Pablo Leone, an oncologist at DFCI who has published extensively on BCBM. The investigator-initiated study will be managed by DFCI, with Kazia providing support including study drug and a financial grant.

Genentech animal models showed BCBM survival benefit

Although Kazia is initially developing GDC-0084 in GBM, it also has the potential to treat brain metastases for a range for different cancers. Brain metastases are quite common, but there are few drugs available to treat them. Lung, breast and melanoma represent the majority of brain metastases.

Genentech has conducted preclinical studies showing that GDC-0084 improves survival in mouse models of brain metastases in HER2+ breast cancer, as shown in Exhibit 1. While anti HER2 monoclonal antibody drugs like Herceptin do not cross the intact blood brain barrier in a healthy brain, they can enter brain tissue if the blood brain barrier is disrupted by a tumour or radiation therapy.

HER2 signalling acts via the PI3K pathway, so combining GDC-0084 with Herceptin in HER2+ breast cancer blocks the growth-promoting signal in two places. This may explain the synergistic benefit of combining the two therapies seen in the Genentech preclinical study.

Exhibit 1: GDC-0084 improves survival in intracranial model of metastatic breast cancer as a single agent and in combination with an anti-HER2 antibody

Source: Internal company documents. Note: AntiHer2 indicates an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody comparable to Herceptin.

BYL719 Phase III success validates PI3K in breast cancer

Novartis announced in August that its PI3K inhibitor BYL719 had met the primary endpoint of delaying disease progression in a Phase III study in breast cancer patients. The study treated patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer carrying mutations in the PIK3CA gene with BYL719 plus hormone therapy. Detailed data released at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) conference in October showed that median progression-free survival was 12 months for the combination therapy, almost double the 5.7 months for hormone therapy alone. Side effects were described as predictable and manageable; the most common serious adverse event was hyperglycaemia experienced by 37% of subjects. Novartis estimates that ~40% of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer carry PIK3CA mutations.1

The success of BYL719 validates the PI3K pathway as a target of therapy in breast cancer, and supports Kazia’s strategy of targeting breast cancer brain metastases with its brain-penetrant PI3K inhibitor.

BYL719 was not designed to cross the blood-brain barrier, and the clinicaltrials.gov website does not contain any record of trials of the drug that target BCBM, so we do not expect it to be a direct competitor to GDC-0084 in this indication.

Assessing the revenue opportunity from brain metastases

With a Phase II trial in BCBM expected to commence in the next few months, we thought it would be useful to detail our methodology for estimating the market opportunity in this indication. Our assumptions are unchanged from our previous reports, except that we have updated the incidence of breast cancer in the US to reflect the latest estimate from the National Cancer Institute.

There are forecast to be 266,000 new cases of breast cancer in the US in 2018,2 and 37% of breast cancers are HER2+.3 Pestalozzi et al4 reviewed a number of studies of patients with early breast cancer who were followed up in trials of adjuvant chemotherapy or hormone therapy following surgical resection of their tumour. Their analysis of 9,500 patients enrolled in nine separate studies found that 6.8% of patients with HER2+ tumours developed brain metastases within 10 years of initial diagnosis. Combining these two factors, we estimate that 2.5% of all breast cancer patients would develop HER2+ brain metastases, equivalent to 6,650 women each year in the US. We assume that 50% of these patients would be treated with GDC-0084 at peak uptake. As mentioned above, we had already included potential sales for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer brain metastases in our valuation model of GDC-0084.

  Barker et al. Clinical pharmacology & Therapeutics 86 (1): 97-100, 2009. Supplementary Table 1.

  Pestalozzi et al. Annals of Oncology 17: 935–944, 2006

Collaborating with St Jude in childhood brain cancer

On 3 October Kazia announced a collaboration with St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in the US to investigate GDC-0084 in the aggressive childhood brain cancer known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).

St Jude will conduct an investigator-initiated Phase I trial of GDC-0084 in up to 41 children with newly diagnosed DIPG and other diffuse midline gliomas (brain cancers). The trial (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03696355) is already recruiting patients and is expected to take up to three years to achieve full recruitment.

DIPG is an aggressive but rare brain tumour primarily affecting children, with a median survival after diagnosis of only nine months.5 The current standard of care is radiotherapy, but the disease typically recurs after treatment. There are no approved drug treatments and no existing drug therapy has shown significant benefit in this disease to date. DIPG disease causes 250-300 deaths each year in the US.6

  Grasso et al, Nature Medicine 2015; 21 (6), 555–559.

  ASMB Today, June/July 2015 issue.

Given the small patient population, the potential sales in this indication are modest (we model peak sales of US$45m). We note that St Jude plans to recruit patients with other diffuse midline gliomas in addition to DIPG, which may expand the addressable market somewhat. We will review our estimate of the addressable market if additional information becomes available.

The unmet medical need for effective treatments for DIPG could potentially provide an alternative fast-to-market opportunity for GDC-0084 in this condition via Breakthrough Designation or Accelerated Approval pathways.

In our view, the key value of the DIPG project is that it offers an alternative pathway to an initial market approval for GDC-0084 in an indication with a very high unmet medical need.

A priority review voucher could potentially boost DIPG value

Under FDA rules, companies that develop a drug or biologic for a rare paediatric disease may qualify for a voucher, which can be redeemed for a priority review to shave four months off the FDA review period for any drug. If Kazia gains FDA approval for GDC-0084, we would expect it to receive a priority review voucher provided the programme is still in operation at that time.

Priority review vouchers can be sold to other companies, with the highest price paid for a voucher being US$350m by AbbVie in 2015. Spark Therapeutics sold a voucher to Jazz Pharmaceuticals for US$110m in April 2018.

We do not include any contribution from the sale of a priority review voucher in our valuation of the DIPG indication, but note that it could, in theory, add considerable value to the programme.

Maximum tolerated dose identified for Cantrixil

In early October, the Phase I study of Cantrixil determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for the drug in ovarian cancer patients to be 5mg/kg. The MTD is towards the upper end of the dose range proposed for the study, and preclinical data suggest that this dose should be sufficient to detect the potential therapeutic effects of Cantrixil.

Eleven patients have been treated in the dose escalation study. The most common side effects have been abdominal pain, fatigue and vomiting.

Part B of the study is recruiting a further 12 patients at the MTD to further explore safety and preliminary efficacy of Cantrixil. The study is expected to conclude in H219.

This recent update did not release any new preliminary efficacy data. The company had previously reported that three of the first five patients who were evaluable for efficacy had achieved stable disease after two cycles of Cantrixil monotherapy. One of the three subsequently went on to achieve a partial response after being treated with Cantrixil in combination with chemotherapy.

Valuation

We have revised our valuation of Kazia to reflect the recent placement, which raised A$3.4m (before costs) through the issue of 8.9m shares at A$0.38 per share. We assume that the ongoing share purchase plan will raise a further A$1m at the same share price. We have added a DIPG indication for GDC-0084, and increased the addressable market for breast cancer brain metastases to reflect the latest incidence data, which results in a modest increase in peak sales.

Our base case valuation, which models a GDC-0084 market launch in 2026 following completion of a Phase III trial, has increased to A$83m (previously A$73m). Our valuation is equivalent to A$1.38/share undiluted (vs A$1.46/share) and A$1.33/share after diluting for options and convertible notes. Kazia is also listed on NASDAQ under the code KZIA, with each NASDAQ-listed ADR representing 10 ordinary shares. Our undiluted base case valuation equals US$10.51 per ADR at current exchange rates.

Our base case valuation assumes a 40% likelihood that GDC-0084 is out-licensed to a marketing partner in 2021 after reporting positive PFS data from the Phase II trial, in a deal that includes US$20m upfront and US$120m in clinical and regulatory milestone payments. We also assume that Kazia pays a royalty of 10% of net sales to Genentech and that global sales for GBM reach US$1,050m in 2030.

Exhibit 2 shows our base case market assumptions for GDC-0084 and Cantrixil and the contribution of product royalties and milestone payments to the rNPV, which have not changed since our last note. We have offset the risk-adjusted trial cost against milestone revenue for each drug, rather than against royalty revenue. This understates the contribution of the milestone payments to the rNPV and overstates the contribution of royalties.

Exhibit 2: Kazia base case valuation (assumes confirmatory GDC-0084 pivotal trial required)

 

Likelihood (%)

rNPV (A$m)

rNPV/
share (A$)

Assumptions

GDC-0084; GBM

25%

17.0

$0.28

Global peak sales* of US$1,050m from GBM (11,500 US cases/year, 61% unmethylated MGMT** promoter, 80% penetration); pricing of US$50k. Global sales 2x US sales; launch 2026; assumes receives 15% royalty on sales, pays away 10% of royalty to Genentech.

GDC-0084; brain metastases in HER2+ breast cancer

20%

7.2

$0.12

Global peak sales of US$600m (233,000 US breast cancer cases/year, 37% HER2+, 7% develop brain metastases, 50% penetration); pricing of US$50k. Global sales 2x US sales; launch 2026; assumes receives 15% royalty on sales, pays away 10% of royalty to Genentech.

GDC-0084; DIPG

20%

0.5

$0.01

Global peak sales of US$45m (275 US DIPG cases/year, 80% penetration); pricing of US$50k. Global sales 2x US sales; launch 2026; assumes receives 15% royalty on sales, pays away 10% of royalty to Genentech.

Ovarian and other abdominal cancers: Cantrixil

10%

27.4

$0.46

Global peak sales of US$680m from ovarian cancer (14,300 US deaths/year, 30% penetration) and bowel cancer (50,300 US deaths, 25% develop malignant ascites, 20% penetration); pricing of US$50k. Global sales 2x US sales; launch 2025; assumes receives 15% royalty on sales, pays away 5% of revenue to Yale.

GDC-0084 milestones

20.4

$0.34

Assumes potential licensing upfronts and milestones total US$140m (US$127m net of payments to Glioblast and Genentech; US$38m after risk adjustment).

Cantrixil milestones

18.3

$0.31

Assumes potential licensing upfronts and milestones total US$140m (US$23m after risk adjustment); assumes 5% of upfront and milestone payment paid away to Yale.

SG&A

(12.3)

($0.21)

Portfolio total

 

78.5

$1.31

Noxopharm shares market value

3.6

$0.06

Net cash at end FY19e

0.8

$0.01

Enterprise total

 

82.9

$1.38

Source: Edison Investment Research. Note: *Peak sales in actual dollars in forecast year. ** MGMT = methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene. We assume that the addressable markets grow at 4% per year. Launch dates listed are calendar years (in some cases the launch will be in the financial year following the calendar year stated).

We have also valued Kazia under an alternative accelerated approval scenario for GDC-0084, which assumes a market launch in 2023, and that Kazia receives a higher 20% royalty rate and a larger US$40m upfront payment because the data are ready for filing, with other deal terms the same as for the post-Phase III approval base case scenario. Exhibit 3 shows that accelerated approval for GDC-0084 would increase our valuation for Kazia to A$139m (previously A$133m) or A$2.31/share (undiluted).

Exhibit 3: Kazia valuation in GDC-0084 accelerated approval scenario

 

Likelihood (%)

rNPV (A$m)

rNPV/
share (A$)

Assumptions

GDC-0084 – GBM

25%

56.8

$0.95

As per Exhibit 2, except 2023 launch (vs 2026) and 20% gross royalty on sales (vs 15%).

GDC-0084 – brain metastases in HER2+ breast cancer

20%

14.3

$0.24

As per Exhibit 2, except 20% gross royalty on sales (vs 15%).

GDC-0084; DIPG

20%

1.1

$0.02

As per Exhibit 2, except 20% gross royalty on sales (vs 15%).

GDC-0084 milestones

28.6

$0.48

Assumes potential licensing upfronts and milestones total US$160m (US$147m net of payments to Glioblast and Genentech; US$48m after risk adjustment). Milestones received earlier than base case (final milestone in 2023 vs 2026).

GDC-0084 total

100.8

$1.68

Remainder of portfolio

33.4

$0.56

Portfolio total

 

134.2

$2.24

Noxopharm shares market value

3.6

$0.06

Net cash at end FY19e

0.8

$0.01

Enterprise total

 

138.6

$2.31

Source: Edison Investment Research. Note: Launch dates listed are calendar years.

Financials

We have revised our near-term expenditure forecasts downwards to reflect the later start of the GDC-0084 Phase IIb, as indicated in the July shareholder update. We now forecast R&D expenditure to be A$9.2m in FY19 and A$9.5m in FY20. Note that we include unrisked clinical trial costs in our financial forecasts to show the potential funding requirement if the clinical trial programme is conducted in line with our expectations (trial costs risk-adjusted for NPV calculation).

Kazia had A$6.0m cash at 30 June 2018 and has subsequently raised A$3.4m (before costs) through a share placement. We assume that the share purchase plan that is currently underway will raise a further A$1m (before costs). Kazia has an available-for-sale shareholding in Noxopharm, which has a current market value of A$3.6m. We expect the available funds, including the potential sale of the Noxopharm shareholding, to be sufficient to support operations into CY H219, by which time preliminary efficacy data from the Cantrixil Phase I and GDC-0084 Phase IIa studies are expected to read out. However, if is there is any slippage on the timelines, funds may need to be raised in H2 CY19 before the GDC-0084 Phase IIa trial reads out.

We estimate that Kazia will need additional funds in the order of A$15–20m to finance the GDC-0084 Phase IIb GBM study.


Exhibit 4: Financial summary

 

A$'000s

2016

2017

2018

2019e

2020e

Year end 30 June

AASB

AASB

AASB

AASB

AASB

PROFIT & LOSS

Sales, royalties, milestones

0

0

0

0

9,250

Other (includes R&D tax rebate)

3,665

8,563

12,989

3,074

3,019

Revenue

 

 

3,665

8,563

12,989

3,074

12,269

R&D expenses

(9,894)

(11,136)

(9,774)

(9,207)

(9,463)

SG&A expenses

(4,343)

(7,580)

(8,132)

(4,342)

(4,668)

Other

0

0

0

0

0

EBITDA

 

 

(10,572)

(10,153)

(4,917)

(10,475)

(1,862)

Operating Profit (before GW and except.)

 

(10,671)

(10,271)

(5,127)

(10,475)

(1,882)

Intangible Amortisation

(1,320)

(82)

(1,336)

(1,458)

(1,312)

Exceptionals

(569)

0

0

0

0

Operating Profit

(12,560)

(10,353)

(6,464)

(11,933)

(3,195)

Net Interest

406

(516)

119

60

8

Profit Before Tax (norm)

 

 

(11,586)

(10,869)

(6,344)

(11,874)

(3,187)

Profit Before Tax (reported)

 

 

(12,154)

(10,869)

(6,344)

(11,874)

(3,187)

Tax benefit

0

199

305

0

0

Profit After Tax (norm)

(11,586)

(10,670)

(6,039)

(11,874)

(3,187)

Profit After Tax (reported)

(12,154)

(10,670)

(6,039)

(11,874)

(3,187)

Average Number of Shares Outstanding (m)

42.7

46.8

48.4

54.2

59.9

EPS - normalised (c)

 

 

(28.44)

(22.81)

(12.48)

(21.92)

(5.32)

EPS - diluted

 

 

(28.44)

(22.81)

(12.48)

(21.92)

(5.32)

Dividend per share (A$)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

BALANCE SHEET

Fixed Assets

 

 

1,427

16,430

18,915

17,557

16,325

Intangible Assets

822

15,918

14,579

13,121

11,809

Tangible Assets

592

490

1

101

181

Investments

13

22

4,335

4,335

4,335

Current Assets

 

 

34,090

19,480

9,260

4,789

5,446

Stocks

0

0

0

0

0

Debtors

199

4,263

2,535

3,250

3,189

Cash

33,453

14,455

5,956

772

1,488

Other

438

763

768

768

768

Current Liabilities

 

 

(1,432)

(5,384)

(3,888)

(5,334)

(5,510)

Creditors

(1,300)

(1,873)

(2,067)

(3,513)

(3,689)

Short term borrowings

0

0

0

0

0

Other

(132)

(3,512)

(1,821)

(1,821)

(1,821)

Long Term Liabilities

 

 

(154)

(5,188)

(5,046)

(5,046)

(7,046)

Long term borrowings

0

0

0

0

(2,000)

Other long term liabilities

(154)

(5,188)

(5,046)

(5,046)

(5,046)

Net Assets

 

 

33,931

25,338

19,242

11,967

9,215

CASH FLOW

Operating Cash Flow

 

 

(12,383)

(11,683)

(8,780)

(9,324)

(1,191)

Net Interest

405

248

119

60

8

Tax

0

0

0

0

0

Capex

(525)

(20)

0

(100)

(100)

Acquisitions/disposals

3

(7,097)

150

0

0

Equity Financing

782

(18)

0

4,180

0

Dividends

0

0

0

0

0

Other

0

0

0

0

0

Net Cash Flow

(11,719)

(18,570)

(8,511)

(5,185)

(1,283)

Opening net debt/(cash)

 

 

(44,371)

(33,453)

(14,455)

(5,956)

(772)

HP finance leases initiated

0

0

0

0

0

Other

800

(429)

13

0

0

Closing net debt/(cash)

 

 

(33,453)

(14,455)

(5,956)

(772)

512

Source: Kazia Therapeutics accounts, Edison Investment Research

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Copyright 2019 Edison Investment Research Limited. All rights reserved. This report has been commissioned by Kazia Therapeutics and prepared and issued by Edison for publication globally. All information used in the publication of this report has been compiled from publicly available sources that are believed to be reliable, however we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this report. Opinions contained in this report represent those of the research department of Edison at the time of publication. The securities described in the Investment Research may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors. This research is issued in Australia by Edison Investment Research Pty Ltd (Corporate Authorised Representative (1252501) of Myonlineadvisers Pty Ltd (AFSL: 427484)) and any access to it, is intended only for "wholesale clients" within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 of Australia. The Investment Research is distributed in the United States by Edison US to major US institutional investors only. Edison US is registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Edison US relies upon the "publishers' exclusion" from the definition of investment adviser under Section 202(a)(11) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and corresponding state securities laws. As such, Edison does not offer or provide personalised advice. We publish information about companies in which we believe our readers may be interested and this information reflects our sincere opinions. The information that we provide or that is derived from our website is not intended to be, and should not be construed in any manner whatsoever as, personalised advice. Also, our website and the information provided by us should not be construed by any subscriber or prospective subscriber as Edison’s solicitation to effect, or attempt to effect, any transaction in a security. The research in this document is intended for New Zealand resident professional financial advisers or brokers (for use in their roles as financial advisers or brokers) and habitual investors who are “wholesale clients” for the purpose of the Financial Advisers Act 2008 (FAA) (as described in sections 5(c) (1)(a), (b) and (c) of the FAA). This is not a solicitation or inducement to buy, sell, subscribe, or underwrite any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. This document is provided for information purposes only and should not be construed as an offer or solicitation for investment in any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. A marketing communication under FCA Rules, this document has not been prepared in accordance with the legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is not subject to any prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research.
Edison has a restrictive policy relating to personal dealing. Edison Group does not conduct any investment business and, accordingly, does not itself hold any positions in the securities mentioned in this report. However, the respective directors, officers, employees and contractors of Edison may have a position in any or related securities mentioned in this report. Edison or its affiliates may perform services or solicit business from any of the companies mentioned in this report. The value of securities mentioned in this report can fall as well as rise and are subject to large and sudden swings. In addition it may be difficult or not possible to buy, sell or obtain accurate information about the value of securities mentioned in this report. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. Forward-looking information or statements in this report contain information that is based on assumptions, forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable, and therefore involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of their subject matter to be materially different from current expectations. For the purpose of the FAA, the content of this report is of a general nature, is intended as a source of general information only and is not intended to constitute a recommendation or opinion in relation to acquiring or disposing (including refraining from acquiring or disposing) of securities. The distribution of this document is not a “personalised service” and, to the extent that it contains any financial advice, is intended only as a “class service” provided by Edison within the meaning of the FAA (ie without taking into account the particular financial situation or goals of any person). As such, it should not be relied upon in making an investment decision. To the maximum extent permitted by law, Edison, its affiliates and contractors, and their respective directors, officers and employees will not be liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of reliance being placed on any of the information contained in this report and do not guarantee the returns on investments in the products discussed in this publication. FTSE International Limited (“FTSE”) © FTSE 2019. “FTSE®” is a trade mark of the London Stock Exchange Group companies and is used by FTSE International Limited under license. All rights in the FTSE indices and/or FTSE ratings vest in FTSE and/or its licensors. Neither FTSE nor its licensors accept any liability for any errors or omissions in the FTSE indices and/or FTSE ratings or underlying data. No further distribution of FTSE Data is permitted without FTSE’s express written consent.

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

295 Madison Avenue, 18th Floor

10017, New York

US

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

295 Madison Avenue, 18th Floor

10017, New York

US

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

Edison is an investment research and advisory company, with offices in North America, Europe, the Middle East and AsiaPac. The heart of Edison is our world-renowned equity research platform and deep multi-sector expertise. At Edison Investment Research, our research is widely read by international investors, advisers and stakeholders. Edison Advisors leverages our core research platform to provide differentiated services including investor relations and strategic consulting. Edison is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Edison Investment Research (NZ) Limited (Edison NZ) is the New Zealand subsidiary of Edison. Edison NZ is registered on the New Zealand Financial Service Providers Register (FSP number 247505) and is registered to provide wholesale and/or generic financial adviser services only. Edison Investment Research Inc (Edison US) is the US subsidiary of Edison and is regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Edison Investment Research Pty Limited (Edison Aus) [46085869] is the Australian subsidiary of Edison. Edison Germany is a branch entity of Edison Investment Research Limited [4794244]. www.edisongroup.com

DISCLAIMER
Copyright 2019 Edison Investment Research Limited. All rights reserved. This report has been commissioned by Kazia Therapeutics and prepared and issued by Edison for publication globally. All information used in the publication of this report has been compiled from publicly available sources that are believed to be reliable, however we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this report. Opinions contained in this report represent those of the research department of Edison at the time of publication. The securities described in the Investment Research may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors. This research is issued in Australia by Edison Investment Research Pty Ltd (Corporate Authorised Representative (1252501) of Myonlineadvisers Pty Ltd (AFSL: 427484)) and any access to it, is intended only for "wholesale clients" within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 of Australia. The Investment Research is distributed in the United States by Edison US to major US institutional investors only. Edison US is registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Edison US relies upon the "publishers' exclusion" from the definition of investment adviser under Section 202(a)(11) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and corresponding state securities laws. As such, Edison does not offer or provide personalised advice. We publish information about companies in which we believe our readers may be interested and this information reflects our sincere opinions. The information that we provide or that is derived from our website is not intended to be, and should not be construed in any manner whatsoever as, personalised advice. Also, our website and the information provided by us should not be construed by any subscriber or prospective subscriber as Edison’s solicitation to effect, or attempt to effect, any transaction in a security. The research in this document is intended for New Zealand resident professional financial advisers or brokers (for use in their roles as financial advisers or brokers) and habitual investors who are “wholesale clients” for the purpose of the Financial Advisers Act 2008 (FAA) (as described in sections 5(c) (1)(a), (b) and (c) of the FAA). This is not a solicitation or inducement to buy, sell, subscribe, or underwrite any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. This document is provided for information purposes only and should not be construed as an offer or solicitation for investment in any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. A marketing communication under FCA Rules, this document has not been prepared in accordance with the legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is not subject to any prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research.
Edison has a restrictive policy relating to personal dealing. Edison Group does not conduct any investment business and, accordingly, does not itself hold any positions in the securities mentioned in this report. However, the respective directors, officers, employees and contractors of Edison may have a position in any or related securities mentioned in this report. Edison or its affiliates may perform services or solicit business from any of the companies mentioned in this report. The value of securities mentioned in this report can fall as well as rise and are subject to large and sudden swings. In addition it may be difficult or not possible to buy, sell or obtain accurate information about the value of securities mentioned in this report. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. Forward-looking information or statements in this report contain information that is based on assumptions, forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable, and therefore involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of their subject matter to be materially different from current expectations. For the purpose of the FAA, the content of this report is of a general nature, is intended as a source of general information only and is not intended to constitute a recommendation or opinion in relation to acquiring or disposing (including refraining from acquiring or disposing) of securities. The distribution of this document is not a “personalised service” and, to the extent that it contains any financial advice, is intended only as a “class service” provided by Edison within the meaning of the FAA (ie without taking into account the particular financial situation or goals of any person). As such, it should not be relied upon in making an investment decision. To the maximum extent permitted by law, Edison, its affiliates and contractors, and their respective directors, officers and employees will not be liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of reliance being placed on any of the information contained in this report and do not guarantee the returns on investments in the products discussed in this publication. FTSE International Limited (“FTSE”) © FTSE 2019. “FTSE®” is a trade mark of the London Stock Exchange Group companies and is used by FTSE International Limited under license. All rights in the FTSE indices and/or FTSE ratings vest in FTSE and/or its licensors. Neither FTSE nor its licensors accept any liability for any errors or omissions in the FTSE indices and/or FTSE ratings or underlying data. No further distribution of FTSE Data is permitted without FTSE’s express written consent.

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

295 Madison Avenue, 18th Floor

10017, New York

US

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

295 Madison Avenue, 18th Floor

10017, New York

US

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

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Borussia Dortmund — Scoring for fun

Bundesliga leaders and unbeaten in their last 13 matches in all competitions, Borussia Dortmund could not have wished for a stronger start under new head coach, Lucien Favre. Indeed, an impressive win over Atlético Madrid already all but assures qualification for the knockout stages of the Champions League, which is in marked contrast to last season’s disappointment. We are therefore confidently maintaining our current-year forecast of robust pre-transfer revenue growth (c 12%), driven by international TV marketing, even if the bumper transfers of Dembélé and Aubameyang make FY18 a hard act to follow. Progress may be more measured in FY20 but subject as ever to surprise from Dortmund’s ability to generate substantial hidden reserves from player transfers.

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