SUDA Pharmaceuticals — Half-year update

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SUDA Pharmaceuticals — Half-year update

SUDA continues to make progress with anagrelide. In an animal model, SUDA was able to show that an oral spray formulation had 43% higher bioavailability over a capsule form while only showing a 28% increase in exposure of the cardiostimulatory metabolite. This provides evidence that this formulation may allow for a lower dose of anagrelide, maintaining efficacy, but with reduced cardiotoxicity, a significant issue with the capsule formulation. In February, the company announced that it has contracted with MedPharm to perform additional formulation work to stabilise and optimise the oral spray formulation.

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Written by

Healthcare

SUDA Pharmaceuticals

Half-year update

Financial update

Pharma & biotech

11 March 2021

Price

A$0.04

Market cap

A$16m

A$1.26/US$

Net cash (A$m) at 31 December 2020 + February 2021 offering

5.5

Shares in issue

384.7m

Free float

89.6%

Code

SUD

Primary exchange

ASX

Secondary exchange

N/A

Share price performance

%

1m

3m

12m

Abs

(17.6)

5.0

(6.5)

Rel (local)

(15.4)

4.5

(19.3)

52-week high/low

A$0.06

A$0.03

Business description

SUDA Pharmaceuticals has historically been a drug delivery company focusing on developing oro-mucosal spray versions of established medicines. It has the rights to ZolpiMist, the spray version of Ambien for insomnia, outside of North America. SUDA is also working on formulating an oro-mucosal version of anagrelide for the treatment of solid tumours, sumatriptan for migraine, cannabinoids for various conditions, as well as other projects.

Next events

Additional licensing deals

FY21/22

Analysts

Maxim Jacobs

+1 646 653 7027

Nathaniel Calloway

+1 646 653 7036

SUDA Pharmaceuticals is a research client of Edison Investment Research Limited

SUDA continues to make progress with anagrelide. In an animal model, SUDA was able to show that an oral spray formulation had 43% higher bioavailability over a capsule form while only showing a 28% increase in exposure of the cardiostimulatory metabolite. This provides evidence that this formulation may allow for a lower dose of anagrelide, maintaining efficacy, but with reduced cardiotoxicity, a significant issue with the capsule formulation. In February, the company announced that it has contracted with MedPharm to perform additional formulation work to stabilise and optimise the oral spray formulation.

Year end

Revenue (A$m)

PBT*
(A$m)

EPS*
(A$)

DPS
(A$)

P/E
(x)

Yield
(%)

06/19

1.2

(2.4)

(0.02)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/20

0.5

(4.7)

(0.03)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/21e

0.5

(4.3)

(0.01)

0.0

N/A

N/A

06/22e

1.0

(4.6)

(0.01)

0.0

N/A

N/A

Note: *PBT and EPS are normalised, excluding amortisation of acquired intangibles, exceptional items and share-based payments.

Potentially reducing anagrelide cardiotoxicity

Anagrelide is an effective agent used to reduce elevated levels of platelets in essential thrombocythemia, but use has been limited by cardiotoxicity. SUDA believes that an oro-mucosal spray version could minimise these issues by reducing first-pass generation of a highly potent cardio-excitatory metabolite of the drug in the liver, 3-hydroxy anagrelide. The recently announced data may be supportive of this hypothesis.

ZolpiMist rights outside of North America

SUDA has the rights outside North America and has out-licensed rights in Mexico, Brazil and Chile to Teva, and in South Korea to Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Korea. Royalties are typically double digit and include a handling fee. The recent TGA approval will assist SUDA’s current partners in their submissions in the territories for which they are responsible.

Mitsubishi Tanabe Singapore not going forward

SUDA had a licence and supply agreement for Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines with Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Singapore, but that agreement was terminated by the partner in January because of ‘a change in the business strategy across the ASEAN [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] region’.

Valuation: A$23m or A$0.06 per basic share

We have adjusted our valuation for SUDA from A$24m or A$0.08 per basic share (A$0.06 per diluted share) to A$23m or A$0.06 per basic share (A$0.05 per diluted share). This is mainly due to the Mitsubishi Tanabe Singapore termination and a greater number of shares outstanding following a A$2.8m financing in December. The company had A$5.5m in cash on hand at 31 December 2020. We currently forecast an additional A$12.5m in financing through FY23 (previously A$18.5m).

H1 results

SUDA Pharmaceuticals has historically been a drug delivery company focusing on reformulating established drugs into oro-mucosal spray (via its OroMist platform) formulations for better bioavailability. Its lead commercial-stage product is ZolpiMist, an oro-mucosal spray version of Ambien for the treatment of insomnia that it has partnered in certain regions with Teva and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Korea (SUDA obtained the rights outside of North America). It is also working on a number of other projects using OroMist including anagrelide (for the treatment of high platelet counts in cancer patients), sumatriptan (migraine), cannabinoids and others.

Exhibit 1: SUDA Pharmaceuticals pipeline

Programme

Indication

Status

Partners

Comments

ZolpiMist

Insomnia

Approved (Australia)/ registration

Teva (Mexico, Chile, Brazil), Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma (Korea)

Faster onset than standard version. Approved in one country, the US, where rights sit with Aytu. Exact timelines for registration in partner areas unclear due to confidentiality. SUDA received TGA approval in Australia.

Anagrelide

High platelet counts in cancer

Formulation

None

Possibly fewer cardiac side effects than standard version. Possible use in a variety of different cancers where high platelet counts are correlated with poor outcomes such as ovarian, lung and pancreatic cancer.

Sumatriptan

Migraine

Formulation

Strides (United States)

Faster onset than oral version but without needing to resort to injection.

Cannabinoids

Various

Feasibility

Cann Pharma Australia

Early stage deals to convert cannabinoid products into oro-mucosal sprays.

Undisclosed

Undisclosed

Feasibility

Sanofi

Using OroMist technology on undisclosed active ingredient for Sanofi.

Source: SUDA Pharmaceuticals

ZolpiMist is the oro-mucosal spray version of zolpidem tartrate (the branded form is the blockbuster insomnia drug Ambien), which has 30m prescriptions written for it in the US annually. Approximately 2.5m prescriptions are written for novel formulations, such as controlled release and sublingual tablets. The main benefit of ZolpiMist is the fast onset of action. Therapeutic levels were reached within 15 minutes following administration of the 10mg dose of ZolpiMist in 79% of patients compared to only 26% with the tablet version.1

  Neubauer et al., ZolpiMist: a new formulation of zolpidem tartrate for the short-term treatment of insomnia in the US. Nature and Science of Sleep 2010:2 79–84.

ZolpiMist has been approved in the US since 2008 (where Aytu BioScience has the rights) and the July 2020 approval in Australia is the first outside the US and the first by SUDA (the company has not provided guidance on a commercial strategy for Australia). SUDA has out-licensed ZolpiMist to Teva for Mexico, Chile and Brazil, and to Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Korea for South Korea. Note that SUDA had a license and supply agreement for Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines with Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Singapore, but that agreement was terminated by the partner in January because of ‘a change in the business strategy across the ASEAN region’. While a negative, this partnership was the one where we had our lowest expectations for future royalties so the impact on both peak sales and the valuation for the company is relatively small.

While upfront payments have been small, the royalty rates are all double digit and SUDA will also receive a handling fee. The company has stated that it is in discussions for licensing deals for additional territories (SUDA has rights outside the US and Canada), in line with the strategy of commercialising the product globally.

Exhibit 2: ZolpiMist licensing deals

Partner

Countries

Populations

Terms

Comments

Teva

Mexico, Chile and Brazil

Mexico:  123m, Chile:  17m,
Brazil:   213m

US$300,000 upfront, commercial milestones of US$700,000 and double-digit royalties

Agreement signed in 2017. Teva is currently working on approval in the three countries; launch timing undisclosed.

Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Korea

South Korea

South Korea: 51m

US$100,000 upfront, US$100,000 on approval, up to US$300,000 in commercial milestones, a 12% royalty and a handling fee

Signed in 2020. Timing of approval and launch tbd.

Source: SUDA Pharmaceuticals

Anagrelide

SUDA is also developing an oro-mucosal spray formulation of anagrelide for the treatment of solid tumours in patients who have elevated platelet levels. Anagrelide is currently used as an anti-thrombotic agent to reduce elevated levels of platelets in essential thrombocythemia (a rare chronic blood cancer where the bone marrow produces too many platelets). The oral version of the drug was developed by Shire and received FDA approval in essential thrombocythemia in 1997 under the brand name Agrylin in the US (Xagrid in Europe). While anagrelide is effective it is known to have cardiotoxicity, which has limited its uptake. In clinical trials, 26% of patients reported heart palpitations, 8% reported tachycardia and 8% reported chest pain (though in the real-world setting post approval, reports of palpitations were as high as 70% in some studies2).

  Birgegard et al., Adverse effects and benefits of two years of anagrelide treatment for thrombocythemia in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Haematologica. 2004 May;89(5):520–7

In an animal model, SUDA was able to recently show that an oral spray formulation had 43% higher bioavailability over a capsule form, while only showing a 28% increase in exposure of the cardiostimulatory metabolite. This provides evidence that this formulation may allow for a lower dose of anagrelide, maintaining efficacy, but with reduced cardiotoxicity, a significant issue with the capsule formulation (however, the clinical significance of this in humans has yet to be demonstrated). In February, the company announced that it has contracted with MedPharm to perform additional formulation work to stabilise and optimise the oral spray formulation. Note that we do not include Anagrelide in our valuation due to its early stage and that the timing of entry into human clinical trials is uncertain.

Other collaborations

The company has feasibility studies ongoing with Sanofi (undisclosed target/compound) and Cann Pharma Australia (cannabinoids), but Zelira and Ordesa have chosen not to proceed with their collaborations. None of these feasibility studies have been included in our valuation due to their early stage.

Valuation

We have adjusted our valuation for SUDA from A$24m or A$0.08 per basic share (A$0.06 per diluted share) to A$23m or A$0.06 per basic share (A$0.05 per diluted share). This is mainly due to the Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Singapore termination and a greater number of shares outstanding following a A$2.8m financing in December. Following the end of the Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Singapore collaboration, our peak sales estimate for ZolpiMist is now A$17.3m versus A$19.5m previously.

Exhibit 3: SUDA valuation table

Product

Main indication

Status

Probability of successful commercialisation

Approval year

Peak sales (A$m)

Economics

rNPV
($m)

ZolpiMist

Insomnia

Registered (Australia), pre-registration
(other regions)

70%

2020

17.3

Double-digit royalties

17.9

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

17.9

Net cash (as of 31 December 2020 + offering)

5.5

Total firm value (A$m)

23.40

Total basic shares (m)

384.7

Value per basic share (A$)

0.06

Options (m)

68.1

Total number of shares (m)

452.8

Diluted value per share (A$)

0.05

Source: Edison Investment Research

Financials

For the period ending 31 December 2020 (H1 of FY21), the company reported A$0.2m in revenue (down 34% compared to the same period a year ago, mainly due to the timing of licensing, upfront and milestone payments) and a loss of A$1.7m, down from a loss of A$7.7m previously (A$5.5m of that loss in H120 was due to intangible asset impairment related to ArTiMist). Operating cash burn for the half year was A$1.9m. We have slightly lowered our FY21 and FY22 revenue estimates but also reduced our FY21 and FY22 SG&A estimates due to better expense controls.

The company had A$5.5m in cash on hand at 31 December 2020. Earlier in December, the company raised A$2.8m through the issuance of 76.7m shares at A$0.036 per share. As part of this placement plan, the company issued an additional 1.1m in shares to the directors at the same price in February. We currently forecast an additional A$12.5m in financing through FY23 (previously A$18.5m, with the difference coming from the new raise and as well as lower expense expectations).

Exhibit 4: Financial summary

A$'000s

2019

2020

2021e

2022e

Year end 30 June

AIFRS

AIFRS

AIFRS

AIFRS

PROFIT & LOSS

Revenue

 

 

1,219

533

485

1,041

Cost of Sales

0

0

0

0

Gross Profit

1,219

533

485

1,041

Sales, General and Administrative Expenses

(3,129)

(4,788)

(3,825)

(3,978)

Research and Development Expense

0

0

(500)

(1,020)

EBITDA

 

 

(1,878)

(4,112)

(3,618)

(3,957)

Operating Profit (before amort. and except.)

 

 

(2,349)

(4,684)

(4,248)

(4,588)

Intangible Amortisation

0

0

0

0

Other

32

143

222

0

Exceptionals

(6,277)

(5,938)

0

0

Operating Profit

(8,626)

(10,622)

(4,248)

(4,588)

Net Interest

(94)

22

(43)

(45)

Other

0

0

0

0

Profit Before Tax (norm)

 

 

(2,443)

(4,662)

(4,291)

(4,632)

Profit Before Tax (FRS 3)

 

 

(8,720)

(10,600)

(4,291)

(4,632)

Tax

925

656

0

0

Deferred tax

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

Profit After Tax (norm)

(1,518)

(4,006)

(4,291)

(4,632)

Profit After Tax (FRS 3)

(7,795)

(9,944)

(4,291)

(4,632)

Average Number of Shares Outstanding (m)

98.6

142.3

331.2

388.5

EPS - normalised ($)

 

 

(0.02)

(0.03)

(0.01)

(0.01)

EPS - Reported ($)

 

 

(0.08)

(0.07)

(0.01)

(0.01)

Dividend per share (c)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

BALANCE SHEET

Fixed Assets

 

 

10,658

4,673

4,893

5,243

Intangible Assets

10,291

4,251

4,385

4,613

Tangible Assets

367

365

421

543

Other

0

57

87

87

Current Assets

 

 

5,595

2,035

3,608

6,622

Stocks

45

22

22

22

Debtors

1,121

869

62

104

Cash

4,314

977

3,318

6,290

Other

115

166

206

206

Current Liabilities

 

 

(1,349)

(2,022)

(1,513)

(1,513)

Creditors

(1,312)

(2,010)

(1,513)

(1,513)

Short term borrowings

(36)

(12)

0

0

Long Term Liabilities

 

 

(927)

(550)

(46)

(7,550)

Long term borrowings

(17)

(4)

(4)

(7,504)

Other long term liabilities

(910)

(545)

(42)

(47)

Net Assets

 

 

13,978

4,135

6,942

2,802

CASH FLOW

Operating Cash Flow

 

 

(2,495)

(2,884)

(3,819)

(4,039)

Net Interest

0

0

0

0

Tax

0

0

0

0

Capex

(1,384)

(388)

(484)

(489)

Acquisitions/disposals

0

0

0

0

Financing

8,095

0

6,694

0

Dividends

0

0

0

0

Other

0

0

0

0

Net Cash Flow

4,215

(3,272)

2,391

(4,528)

Opening net debt/(cash)

 

 

1,951

(4,260)

(961)

(3,314)

HP finance leases initiated

0

0

0

0

Exchange rate movements

0

0

19

0

Other

1996

-27

-57

0

Closing net debt/(cash)

 

 

(4,260)

(961)

(3,314)

1,213

Source: Company reports, Edison Investment Research


General disclaimer and copyright

This report has been commissioned by SUDA Pharmaceuticals and prepared and issued by Edison, in consideration of a fee payable by SUDA Pharmaceuticals. Edison Investment Research standard fees are £49,500 pa for the production and broad dissemination of a detailed note (Outlook) following by regular (typically quarterly) update notes. Fees are paid upfront in cash without recourse. Edison may seek additional fees for the provision of roadshows and related IR services for the client but does not get remunerated for any investment banking services. We never take payment in stock, options or warrants for any of our services.

Accuracy of content: All information used in the publication of this report has been compiled from publicly available sources that are believed to be reliable, however we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this report and have not sought for this information to be independently verified. Opinions contained in this report represent those of the research department of Edison at the time of publication. Forward-looking information or statements in this report contain information that is based on assumptions, forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable, and therefore involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of their subject matter to be materially different from current expectations.

Exclusion of Liability: To the fullest extent allowed by law, Edison shall not be liable for any direct, indirect or consequential losses, loss of profits, damages, costs or expenses incurred or suffered by you arising out or in connection with the access to, use of or reliance on any information contained on this note.

No personalised advice: The information that we provide should not be construed in any manner whatsoever as, personalised advice. Also, the information provided by us should not be construed by any subscriber or prospective subscriber as Edison’s solicitation to effect, or attempt to effect, any transaction in a security. The securities described in the report may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors.

Investment in securities mentioned: Edison has a restrictive policy relating to personal dealing and conflicts of interest. Edison Group does not conduct any investment business and, accordingly, does not itself hold any positions in the securities mentioned in this report. However, the respective directors, officers, employees and contractors of Edison may have a position in any or related securities mentioned in this report, subject to Edison's policies on personal dealing and conflicts of interest.

Copyright: Copyright 2021 Edison Investment Research Limited (Edison).

Australia

Edison Investment Research Pty Ltd (Edison AU) is the Australian subsidiary of Edison. Edison AU is a Corporate Authorised Representative (1252501) of Crown Wealth Group Pty Ltd who holds an Australian Financial Services Licence (Number: 494274). This research is issued in Australia by Edison AU and any access to it, is intended only for "wholesale clients" within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 of Australia. Any advice given by Edison AU is general advice only and does not take into account your personal circumstances, needs or objectives. You should, before acting on this advice, consider the appropriateness of the advice, having regard to your objectives, financial situation and needs. If our advice relates to the acquisition, or possible acquisition, of a particular financial product you should read any relevant Product Disclosure Statement or like instrument.

New Zealand

The research in this document is intended for New Zealand resident professional financial advisers or brokers (for use in their roles as financial advisers or brokers) and habitual investors who are “wholesale clients” for the purpose of the Financial Advisers Act 2008 (FAA) (as described in sections 5(c) (1)(a), (b) and (c) of the FAA). This is not a solicitation or inducement to buy, sell, subscribe, or underwrite any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. For the purpose of the FAA, the content of this report is of a general nature, is intended as a source of general information only and is not intended to constitute a recommendation or opinion in relation to acquiring or disposing (including refraining from acquiring or disposing) of securities. The distribution of this document is not a “personalised service” and, to the extent that it contains any financial advice, is intended only as a “class service” provided by Edison within the meaning of the FAA (i.e. without taking into account the particular financial situation or goals of any person). As such, it should not be relied upon in making an investment decision.

United Kingdom

This document is prepared and provided by Edison for information purposes only and should not be construed as an offer or solicitation for investment in any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. A marketing communication under FCA Rules, this document has not been prepared in accordance with the legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is not subject to any prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research.

This Communication is being distributed in the United Kingdom and is directed only at (i) persons having professional experience in matters relating to investments, i.e. investment professionals within the meaning of Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the "FPO") (ii) high net-worth companies, unincorporated associations or other bodies within the meaning of Article 49 of the FPO and (iii) persons to whom it is otherwise lawful to distribute it. The investment or investment activity to which this document relates is available only to such persons. It is not intended that this document be distributed or passed on, directly or indirectly, to any other class of persons and in any event and under no circumstances should persons of any other description rely on or act upon the contents of this document.

This Communication is being supplied to you solely for your information and may not be reproduced by, further distributed to or published in whole or in part by, any other person.

United States

Edison relies upon the "publishers' exclusion" from the definition of investment adviser under Section 202(a)(11) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and corresponding state securities laws. This report is a bona fide publication of general and regular circulation offering impersonal investment-related advice, not tailored to a specific investment portfolio or the needs of current and/or prospective subscribers. As such, Edison does not offer or provide personal advice and the research provided is for informational purposes only. No mention of a particular security in this report constitutes a recommendation to buy, sell or hold that or any security, or that any particular security, portfolio of securities, transaction or investment strategy is suitable for any specific person.

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

1185 Avenue of the Americas

3rd Floor, New York, NY 10036

United States of America

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

1185 Avenue of the Americas

3rd Floor, New York, NY 10036

United States of America

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

General disclaimer and copyright

This report has been commissioned by SUDA Pharmaceuticals and prepared and issued by Edison, in consideration of a fee payable by SUDA Pharmaceuticals. Edison Investment Research standard fees are £49,500 pa for the production and broad dissemination of a detailed note (Outlook) following by regular (typically quarterly) update notes. Fees are paid upfront in cash without recourse. Edison may seek additional fees for the provision of roadshows and related IR services for the client but does not get remunerated for any investment banking services. We never take payment in stock, options or warrants for any of our services.

Accuracy of content: All information used in the publication of this report has been compiled from publicly available sources that are believed to be reliable, however we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this report and have not sought for this information to be independently verified. Opinions contained in this report represent those of the research department of Edison at the time of publication. Forward-looking information or statements in this report contain information that is based on assumptions, forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable, and therefore involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of their subject matter to be materially different from current expectations.

Exclusion of Liability: To the fullest extent allowed by law, Edison shall not be liable for any direct, indirect or consequential losses, loss of profits, damages, costs or expenses incurred or suffered by you arising out or in connection with the access to, use of or reliance on any information contained on this note.

No personalised advice: The information that we provide should not be construed in any manner whatsoever as, personalised advice. Also, the information provided by us should not be construed by any subscriber or prospective subscriber as Edison’s solicitation to effect, or attempt to effect, any transaction in a security. The securities described in the report may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors.

Investment in securities mentioned: Edison has a restrictive policy relating to personal dealing and conflicts of interest. Edison Group does not conduct any investment business and, accordingly, does not itself hold any positions in the securities mentioned in this report. However, the respective directors, officers, employees and contractors of Edison may have a position in any or related securities mentioned in this report, subject to Edison's policies on personal dealing and conflicts of interest.

Copyright: Copyright 2021 Edison Investment Research Limited (Edison).

Australia

Edison Investment Research Pty Ltd (Edison AU) is the Australian subsidiary of Edison. Edison AU is a Corporate Authorised Representative (1252501) of Crown Wealth Group Pty Ltd who holds an Australian Financial Services Licence (Number: 494274). This research is issued in Australia by Edison AU and any access to it, is intended only for "wholesale clients" within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 of Australia. Any advice given by Edison AU is general advice only and does not take into account your personal circumstances, needs or objectives. You should, before acting on this advice, consider the appropriateness of the advice, having regard to your objectives, financial situation and needs. If our advice relates to the acquisition, or possible acquisition, of a particular financial product you should read any relevant Product Disclosure Statement or like instrument.

New Zealand

The research in this document is intended for New Zealand resident professional financial advisers or brokers (for use in their roles as financial advisers or brokers) and habitual investors who are “wholesale clients” for the purpose of the Financial Advisers Act 2008 (FAA) (as described in sections 5(c) (1)(a), (b) and (c) of the FAA). This is not a solicitation or inducement to buy, sell, subscribe, or underwrite any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. For the purpose of the FAA, the content of this report is of a general nature, is intended as a source of general information only and is not intended to constitute a recommendation or opinion in relation to acquiring or disposing (including refraining from acquiring or disposing) of securities. The distribution of this document is not a “personalised service” and, to the extent that it contains any financial advice, is intended only as a “class service” provided by Edison within the meaning of the FAA (i.e. without taking into account the particular financial situation or goals of any person). As such, it should not be relied upon in making an investment decision.

United Kingdom

This document is prepared and provided by Edison for information purposes only and should not be construed as an offer or solicitation for investment in any securities mentioned or in the topic of this document. A marketing communication under FCA Rules, this document has not been prepared in accordance with the legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is not subject to any prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research.

This Communication is being distributed in the United Kingdom and is directed only at (i) persons having professional experience in matters relating to investments, i.e. investment professionals within the meaning of Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the "FPO") (ii) high net-worth companies, unincorporated associations or other bodies within the meaning of Article 49 of the FPO and (iii) persons to whom it is otherwise lawful to distribute it. The investment or investment activity to which this document relates is available only to such persons. It is not intended that this document be distributed or passed on, directly or indirectly, to any other class of persons and in any event and under no circumstances should persons of any other description rely on or act upon the contents of this document.

This Communication is being supplied to you solely for your information and may not be reproduced by, further distributed to or published in whole or in part by, any other person.

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Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

1185 Avenue of the Americas

3rd Floor, New York, NY 10036

United States of America

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

1185 Avenue of the Americas

3rd Floor, New York, NY 10036

United States of America

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

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Research: Investment Companies

Riverstone Credit Opportunities Income — Niche energy infrastructure lending

Riverstone Credit Opportunities Income (RCOI) is a closed-end fund that invests in mid-market energy company credit mostly via direct loans. Broadly across the sector, the lending includes infrastructure and infrastructure services across conventional and recently renewable energy sources. Energy lending is a specialist niche and RCOI benefits from being part of Riverstone, a leading energy-focused US investment company that has raised $41bn in capital since 2000. The average RCOI loan YTM is 12.5% and despite the pandemic and low oil prices, there have been no portfolio losses. The NAV has been resilient (12% total return since IPO in May 2019), but energy sector and oil price concerns, coupled with low share liquidity, have led to a 20% NAV discount and a dividend of 8.3%.

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