IQE — Adjusting to supply chain shifts

IQE (LN: IQE)

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33.10

3.95 (13.55%)

Market capitalisation

266m

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Research: TMT

IQE — Adjusting to supply chain shifts

As flagged in the June trading update, IQE’s H119 performance was affected by wireless customers cutting back inventory levels in response to lengthening mobile phone replacement cycles and the ongoing trade war between the US and China. Encouraged by the successful qualification, commencement of initial production and receipt of additional orders of wireless products destined for Asian supply chains, as well as the commencement of initial vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) production for a second major customer at its new foundry in Newport, Wales, management has reiterated its FY19 guidance. We therefore leave our estimates unchanged.

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Written by

TMT

IQE

Adjusting to supply chain shifts

H119 results update

Tech hardware & equipment

3 September 2019

Price

52.9p

Market cap

£419m

Net debt (£m) at 30 June 2019

0.8

Shares in issue

792.8m

Free float

87.6%

Code

IQE

Primary exchange

AIM

Secondary exchange

N/A

Share price performance

%

1m

3m

12m

Abs

(18.0)

(29.0)

(43.4)

Rel (local)

(7.1)

(30.0)

(41.3)

52-week high/low

98.7p

51.5p

Business description

IQE is the leading supplier of epitaxial compound semiconductor wafers globally. The principal applications include radio frequency semiconductors, devices for optical networks, vertical cavity lasers, infrared semiconductors and power electronics.

Next events

FY19 results

March 2020

Analysts

Anne Margaret Crow

+44 (0)20 3077 5700

Dan Ridsdale

+44 (0)20 3077 5729

IQE is a research client of Edison Investment Research Limited

As flagged in the June trading update, IQE’s H119 performance was affected by wireless customers cutting back inventory levels in response to lengthening mobile phone replacement cycles and the ongoing trade war between the US and China. Encouraged by the successful qualification, commencement of initial production and receipt of additional orders of wireless products destined for Asian supply chains, as well as the commencement of initial vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) production for a second major customer at its new foundry in Newport, Wales, management has reiterated its FY19 guidance. We therefore leave our estimates unchanged.

Year end

Revenue (£m)

PBT*
(£m)

EPS*
(p)

DPS
(p)

P/E
(x)

Yield
(%)

12/17**

154.5

24.5

3.38

0.0

15.6

N/A

12/18

156.3

14.0

1.38

0.0

38.3

N/A

12/19e

147.2

5.4

0.52

0.0

100.9

N/A

12/20e

179.0

24.5

2.40

0.0

22.0

N/A

Note: *PBT and EPS are normalised, excluding amortisation of acquired intangibles, exceptional items and share-based payments. **Restated.

H119 results in line with June trading update

Wireless revenues fell by 29% y-o-y during H119 to £30.1m. Although Photonics revenues (which include those previously categorised as attributable to infrared products) grew by 18% to £35.5m, reflecting multiple VCSEL ramp-ups, this was not sufficient to offset the wireless slowdown. Group revenues decreased by 9% y-o-y to £66.7m. As most of the costs are fixed, the drop in revenue resulted in an adjusted operating loss of £1.9m vs an adjusted operating profit of £7.6m in H118. The group moved from £20.8m net cash at end December 2018 to £0.8m net debt at the end of June 2019 as management continued to invest for future growth. Capitalised development expenditure totalled £4.8m and capex £19.0m. This included completing the infrastructure phase at the Newport Mega Foundry in Wales as well as capacity expansion in Taiwan and Massachusetts.

Management reiterates revised FY19 guidance

Management has reiterated the revised FY19 guidance issued in the trading update in June. This is for revenue in the £140–160m range at an adjusted operating margin significantly below the original guidance of 10%.

Valuation: Waiting for recovery in FY20

If we restrict our peer-based comparison to the three listed companies (IntelliEPI, LandMark Optoelectronics and Visual Photonics) offering epitaxy for VCSELs, then IQE is trading below the range for these three stocks with respect to the year 2 EV/EBITDA ratio and below the mean with respect to the year 2 P/E ratio. Taking this approach, we see scope for share price recovery once semiconductor supply chains have stabilised and the current period of destocking is over, supporting revenue growth during FY20 accompanied by improved capacity utilisation and a substantially higher operating profit margin.

H119 performance in line with guidance

Photonics growth insufficient to counteract weak wireless market

As flagged in the June trading update, wireless customers cut back on inventory levels in response to the uncertainty regarding future demand caused by lengthening mobile phone replacement cycles and the potential impact of Huawei’s addition to the US Bureau of Industry and Security’s Entity List. The interconnected nature of the semiconductor supply chain means many of IQE’s customers have been affected indirectly by this situation. Wireless revenues fell by 29% year-on-year to £30.1m, 45% of the group total. Although Photonics revenues (which include those previously categorised as attributable to infrared products) grew by 18% to £35.5m (53% of the total) reflecting multiple VCSEL ramp-ups, this was not sufficient to offset the wireless slowdown. Group revenues decreased by 9% to £66.7m, in line with management guidance of £65–68m.

The drop in revenue caused the group to move from £7.6m adjusted operating profit in H118 to a £1.9m adjusted operating loss in H119. The adjusted cost of sales was similar to the prior year period because most of these costs are fixed and cannot be reduced significantly without affecting future capacity. Adjusted indirect costs rose by £3.0m, £2.4m of which relates to an increase in depreciation and amortisation resulting from investment in capacity. The group incurred a c £8m non-cash tax charge relating to a reduction in deferred US tax losses given the expected shift in manufacturing from the US to the UK and Asia. This is the result of the change to supply chains in response to the Huawei issue, with IQE experiencing reduced demand from certain US chip manufacturers but gaining new work with Asian customers. Adjusted diluted EPS moved from 0.76p/share profit in H118 to 1.29p/share loss in H119.

Investment in R&D and capacity sustained

Operating cash flow halved to £4.0m as a result of lower revenues, an increase in inventories at the period end reflecting the multiple VCSEL ramp-ups, a decrease in payables corresponding to capex payments, restructuring costs associated with closure of the New Jersey facility and transfer of trade and assets to Massachusetts and legal fees incurred in respect of a patent dispute defence. Capitalised development expenditure totalled £4.8m (£6.4m in H118) as the group continued work on multiple innovative technologies and capex totalled £19.0m (£6.3m H118). This included completing the infrastructure phase at the Mega Foundry in Newport, South Wales as well as capacity expansion in Taiwan and Massachusetts (see below). The group moved from £20.8m net cash at end December 2018 to £0.8m net debt at end June 2019. Post the period end, management agreed a £30m asset financing facility, increasing total available facilities to around £57m, supporting further investment if required. The Newport Mega Foundry already has bays for an additional ten reactors (see below), so future investment will be primarily only in reactors rather than the supporting infrastructure and thus proportional to incremental revenue development.

Management reiterates FY19 guidance

Management has reiterated the revised FY19 guidance issued in the trading update in June. This is for revenue in the £140–160m range at an adjusted operating margin significantly below the previously guided 10%. This assumes that revenues will be higher in H219 than H119, enabling a return to adjusted operating profitability given the largely fixed cost base as well as a cost reduction programme. The news in July that IQE was engaged in initial production activities with two Asian customers who stand to benefit from wireless supply chain shifts, had commenced VCSEL production at Newport for a second major customer, this one serving the Android supply chain, and has extensive product qualification ongoing for several other VCSEL projects (currently 12 other chip customers) supports the assumption of H2 revenue growth. IQE had previously announced that it had received its first mass production order for the Newport facility from its leading VCSEL customer, who we have previously inferred is engaged in the Apple supply chain, in May. In addition, IQE is engaging with multiple Asian chip companies on 10G and 25G lasers for data comms and the chip customer behind the 2017 VCSEL production ramp-up has extended its current contract until the end of 2021. Two other existing contracts have also been extended, with several other new contracts in final negotiation.

The group has sufficient installed capacity to meet expected demand levels for H219, and initial forecasts for FY20, but may need to place orders for additional reactors in Q419 or Q120 if these forecasts are raised. Management has reiterated its full-year capex guidance of £30–40m, with the upper level including the purchase of additional reactors.

Management has not updated its guidance for FY20 or mid-term growth, as this would be premature before the wireless market has stabilised and there is better visibility of the number and scale of new VCSEL ramp-ups. VCSEL-driven photonics growth should help offset the impact of reduced mobile phone shipments on wireless revenues, as will the transition to 5G, with greater wireless content per device. We continue to model 10% year-on-year growth in FY20 wireless revenues, which assumes the period of destocking is over and the market has stabilised by the end of FY19. This gives FY20 segmental revenues of £83.4m, which is slightly higher than the FY15 level (£79.5m) when demand was also affected by de-stocking and substantially lower than FY16, FY17 or FY18, all of which recorded revenues above £90m. We model 35% year-on-year growth in photonics (including IR), partly because of the number of VCSEL projects where customers are evaluating samples and partly because IQE is likely to win some new business with alternative suppliers of indium phosphide lasers because of its technical expertise, for example in distributed feedback lasers (see below).

We note that IQE’s dominant position in the outsourced compound semiconductor epitaxy market means it has supply relationships with multiple non-US (and US) customers. As a result, although the current period of supply chain adjustment is hitting profits hard, IQE should be able to gain replacement business with the Asian chip manufacturers who are picking up work from US chip manufacturers caught up in the US-China trade war. This makes it relatively agnostic to any mid- to long-term shifts in market share at either component or OEM level.

Progress against strategy

Major investment programme substantially completed

The construction and fit-out of the new foundry in Newport, UK, is now complete with 10 tools installed and space to add another 90. The factory already has dedicated bays for 20 reactors, enabling IQE to double capacity if required to meet demand. The additional capacity is critical for IQE to maintain its dominant position in the VCSEL market as it grows. Capacity in Taiwan has been increased by 40%. This was initially authorised to reduce the need to re-qualify reactors for different technologies in the future as reactor conversions had cost c £3m over an 18-month period. Its availability is very timely now that wireless chip production is shifting to Asia in response to the US-China trade issues. There has also been investment in GaN capacity in Massachusetts to support 5G infrastructure deployments (see below).

5G product development

IQE has introduced a full service distributed feedback laser package based on nano-imprint lithography. This is targeted at customers manufacturing high-speed datacomm chips for use in data centres. Management expects this to result in volume sales during FY20. Customer engagement on projects using IQE’s patented cREO technology to develop filters and switches for 5G handsets is progressing well, potentially progressing to volume sales in FY21.

Board changes

In March, Phil Smith was appointed non-executive chairman. He was previously chairman of Cisco UK and Ireland and joined the IQE board in December 2016. He took over his current role from Dr Godfrey Ainsworth, who stepped down as executive chairman at the AGM. Tim Pullen, who was previously chief financial officer of ARM, took up his role as chief financial officer in February. Carol Chesney was appointed as a non-executive director in May. Carol is also a non-executive director of Renishaw, Hunting and Biffa. She has also served as the company secretary and group financial controller of Halma.

Valuation

We moved from a peer-based multiple approach to a DCF analysis in November 2018 because of the volatility of stocks in the sector. Although DCF remains our preferred approach, this was based on the three- to five-year guidance management provided, which will not be updated until the current supply chain turmoil has abated, so we revert for now to using peer-based multiples.

The share price dropped to 53.85p following the June trading update when we cut our adjusted FY19 EPS estimate by 74% and is now back at that level following a period of fluctuation. The shares are currently trading on year 1 and year 2 EV/sales ratios and a year 2 EV/EBITDA ratio that are at a discount to the mean for its epitaxy and opto-electronics peers, but on year 1 and year 2 P/E ratios and a year 1 EV/EBITDA ratio that are at a premium to the mean. If we restrict the comparison to the three listed companies offering epitaxy for VCSELs: IntelliEPI, LandMark Optoelectronics and Visual Photonics, then IQE is trading below the range for these three stocks with respect to year 1 and year 2 EV/sales ratios and year 2 EV/EBITDA ratio and below the mean for these three stocks with respect to the year 2 P/E ratio. We believe that IQE has a much stronger market position than the other three, so trading towards the upper end of this smaller sample seems reasonable. Taking this approach, we see scope for share price recovery once semiconductor supply chains have stabilised and the current period of destocking is over, supporting revenue growth during FY20 accompanied by improved capacity utilisation and substantially higher operating profit margin.

Exhibit 1: Peer multiple analysis

(x)

Market cap ($m)

EV/sales
1FY

EV/sales
2FY

EV/EBITDA 1FY

EV/EBITDA 2FY

P/E
1FY

P/E
2FY

Epitaxy

GCS Holdings

185

2.2

2.0

-

-

21.7

16.0

IntelliEPI Inc (Cayman)

75

2.9

2.5

15.3

10.3

28.1

19.8

LandMark Optoelectronics Corp

720

8.5

6.6

17.1

12.5

35.1

24.1

Soitec SA

3,185

4.9

3.9

16.6

12.9

25.8

20.1

Visual Photonics Epitaxy Co

541

6.9

5.6

18.9

14.8

32.1

24.4

WIN Semiconductors Corp

3,416

5.6

4.7

14.4

11.2

33.1

22.4

Opto-electronics

II-VI

2,326

1.8

1.6

9.6

7.0

13.2

10.9

EMCORE Corp

77

0.7

0.5

(7.5)

217.0

(5.4)

(14.2)

Finisar Corp

2,685

1.7

1.6

9.2

8.5

18.5

16.0

Lumentum Holdings

4,209

2.4

2.2

7.6

6.6

12.0

10.2

Mean - Epitaxy and Opto-electronics

3.8

3.1

13.6

10.5

24.4

18.2

Mean - VCSELs*

6.1

4.9

17.1

12.5

31.8

22.8

IQE Plc

$511m

2.7

2.2

17.7

9.3

100.9

22.0

Source: Refinitiv, Edison Investment Research. Note: *Mean is based on IntelliEPI, LandMark Optoelectronics and Visual Photonics. Prices at 29 August 2019. Grey shading indicates exclusion from mean.

Exhibit 2: Financial summary

£'000s

2017

2018

2019e

2020e

Year End 31 December

IFRS

IFRS

IFRS

IFRS

PROFIT & LOSS

restated

Revenue

 

 

154,553

156,291

147,213

178,957

Cost of Sales (including depreciation, amortisation and share-based payments))

(115,857)

(111,748)

(103,785)

(126,165)

Gross Profit

38,696

44,543

43,428

52,792

EBITDA

 

 

37,130

28,404

22,510

42,868

Depreciation and Amortisation

(10,596)

(12,364)

(15,081)

(18,381)

Operating Profit (before amort. and except.)

 

 

26,534

16,040

7,429

24,487

Acquired Intangible Amortisation

(1,429)

(518)

(518)

(518)

Exceptionals

(385)

(7,906)

0

0

Share based payments

(7,526)

1,044

0

0

Operating Profit

17,194

8,660

6,911

23,969

Underlying interest

(2,019)

(66)

0

0

Exceptionals and losses from JVs

80

(1,847)

(2,000)

0

Profit Before Tax (norm)

 

 

24,515

13,974

5,429

24,487

Profit Before Tax (FRS 3)

 

 

15,095

6,747

4,911

23,969

Reported tax

(435)

(5,558)

(884)

(4,314)

Profit After Tax (norm)

24,998

11,229

4,545

20,172

Profit After Tax (FRS 3)

14,660

1,189

4,027

19,654

Average Number of Shares Outstanding (m)

689.5

761.8

788.3

792.8

EPS - normalised (p)

 

 

3.38

1.38

0.52

2.40

EPS - (IFRS) (p)

 

 

2.11

0.13

0.48

2.45

Dividend per share (p)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

EBITDA margin (%)

24.0

18.2

15.3

24.0

Operating margin – before goodwill and exceptionals (%)

17.2

10.3

5.0

13.7

BALANCE SHEET

Fixed Assets

 

 

224,836

267,476

304,877

313,977

Intangible Assets

108,513

121,775

127,467

131,860

Tangible Assets

90,875

124,520

156,228

160,937

Other

25,448

21,181

21,181

21,181

Current Assets

 

 

111,925

94,531

55,668

75,600

Stocks

33,044

35,709

34,000

40,694

Debtors

33,269

38,015

36,380

43,636

Cash

45,612

20,807

(14,711)

(8,731)

Other

0

0

0

0

Current Liabilities

 

 

(44,916)

(48,893)

(43,721)

(50,184)

Creditors

(44,916)

(48,893)

(43,721)

(50,184)

Short term borrowings

0

0

0

0

Long Term Liabilities

 

 

(666)

(3,836)

(3,836)

(3,836)

Long term borrowings

0

0

0

0

Other long term liabilities

(666)

(3,836)

(3,836)

(3,836)

Net Assets

 

 

291,179

309,278

312,989

335,557

CASH FLOW

Operating Cash Flow

 

 

29,717

16,988

18,682

35,380

Net Interest

(2,125)

(66)

0

0

Tax

(5,844)

(665)

(1,200)

(1,400)

Capex

(28,190)

(42,362)

(53,000)

(28,000)

Acquisitions/disposals

0

0

0

0

Financing

94,912

813

0

0

Dividends

0

0

0

0

Net Cash Flow

88,470

(25,292)

(35,518)

5,980

Opening net debt/(cash)

 

 

39,549

(45,612)

(20,807)

14,711

HP finance leases initiated

0

0

0

0

Other

(3,309)

487

0

0

Closing net debt/(cash)

 

 

(45,612)

(20,807)

14,711

8,731

Source: Company accounts, Edison Investment Research
Note: FY17 restated following introduction of IFRS15 “Revenues from contracts with customers”


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This report has been commissioned by IQE and prepared and issued by Edison, in consideration of a fee payable by IQE. Edison Investment Research standard fees are £49,500 pa for the production and broad dissemination of a detailed note (Outlook) following by regular (typically quarterly) update notes. Fees are paid upfront in cash without recourse. Edison may seek additional fees for the provision of roadshows and related IR services for the client but does not get remunerated for any investment banking services. We never take payment in stock, options or warrants for any of our services.

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General disclaimer and copyright

This report has been commissioned by IQE and prepared and issued by Edison, in consideration of a fee payable by IQE. Edison Investment Research standard fees are £49,500 pa for the production and broad dissemination of a detailed note (Outlook) following by regular (typically quarterly) update notes. Fees are paid upfront in cash without recourse. Edison may seek additional fees for the provision of roadshows and related IR services for the client but does not get remunerated for any investment banking services. We never take payment in stock, options or warrants for any of our services.

Accuracy of content: All information used in the publication of this report has been compiled from publicly available sources that are believed to be reliable, however we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this report and have not sought for this information to be independently verified. Opinions contained in this report represent those of the research department of Edison at the time of publication. Forward-looking information or statements in this report contain information that is based on assumptions, forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable, and therefore involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of their subject matter to be materially different from current expectations.

Exclusion of Liability: To the fullest extent allowed by law, Edison shall not be liable for any direct, indirect or consequential losses, loss of profits, damages, costs or expenses incurred or suffered by you arising out or in connection with the access to, use of or reliance on any information contained on this note.

No personalised advice: The information that we provide should not be construed in any manner whatsoever as, personalised advice. Also, the information provided by us should not be construed by any subscriber or prospective subscriber as Edison’s solicitation to effect, or attempt to effect, any transaction in a security. The securities described in the report may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors.

Investment in securities mentioned: Edison has a restrictive policy relating to personal dealing and conflicts of interest. Edison Group does not conduct any investment business and, accordingly, does not itself hold any positions in the securities mentioned in this report. However, the respective directors, officers, employees and contractors of Edison may have a position in any or related securities mentioned in this report, subject to Edison's policies on personal dealing and conflicts of interest.

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Frankfurt +49 (0)69 78 8076 960

Schumannstrasse 34b

60325 Frankfurt

Germany

London +44 (0)20 3077 5700

280 High Holborn

London, WC1V 7EE

United Kingdom

New York +1 646 653 7026

1,185 Avenue of the Americas

3rd Floor, New York, NY 10036

United States of America

Sydney +61 (0)2 8249 8342

Level 4, Office 1205

95 Pitt Street, Sydney

NSW 2000, Australia

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